Formed in 1923 by an amalgamation of the Great Northern, Great Eastern, Great Central, North Eastern, Hull & Barnsley, North British, Great North of Scotland and several minor companies.
Nationalised in 1948 and split into Eastern, North Eastern and part of the Scottish Regions of British Railways. The shield represents the cross of London, bearing the lions of York and the castle of Edinburgh. The four quarters show the griffins of London, with thistle and rose representing England and Scotland.
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Dave Rowley,
July 1996